NFECTIOUS NON - INFLAMMATORY DIARRHEAS
ISOSPORIASIS
Isosporiasis is a disease caused by protozoan Isospora Belli. Organism to infect the lining of the small intestine and can cause severe diarrhea and malabsorption (inability to absorb nutrients). Isospora beautiful spread in the faeces. Food or water contaminated by animal droppings can do this organism, it is also possible that oral-anal sex can spread the infection. Sometimes it occurs can be traced isosporiasis water contaminated by faeces. Isosporiasis is not common in the United States is more common in tropical areas of the world and in places where water contamination is a problem. isosporiasis United States is the first AIDS-defining illness in approximately 0.2% of AIDS.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
The infection causes severe diarrhea, not the blood and abdominal cramps that can last for weeks and the result of malabsorption and weight loss. In immunocompromised patients and in infants and children, diarrhea can be severe. Eosinophilia may be present (otherwise other protozoal infections).
DIAGNOSIS
Large oocyst detection in stool by modified acid-fast staining .
TREATMENT
Isosporiasis effective treatment is a combination of two drugs: trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX, Bactrim, Septra). Treatment isosporiasis two double-strength tablets of TMP-SMX twice daily. The alternative is the double strength tablet three times daily. TMP-SMX therapy usually continues for 2-4 weeks. Patients who are intolerant to SMX, drug pyrimethamine (Daraprim), together with folinic acid can be implemented. This combination of drugs used per month.
To help control diarrhea, perhaps in combination with antibiotic treatment, a number of anti-diarrhea medication may be taken. And because the diarrhea is the direct result of intestinal inflammation caused by infection, certain drugs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) help, such as ibuprofen. Another drug, has proven to significantly reduce diarrhea due to its anti-inflammatory drug, thalidomide (Thalomid). Women taking this drug should avoid becoming pregnant Thalidomide can cause severe birth defects.
PREVENTION
The most effective way to prevent isosporiasis is to eliminate its sources, mainly foods potentially contaminated human feces. This is particularly true for HIV positive people with weakened immune systems rave tion in the tropics and subtropics where water and food may be contaminated. Drink bottled water and ensure that food is cooked properly, can help reduce the risk of any rave isosporiasis tion in the tropics and subtropics.
Isosporiasis is a disease caused by protozoan Isospora Belli. Organism to infect the lining of the small intestine and can cause severe diarrhea and malabsorption (inability to absorb nutrients). Isospora beautiful spread in the faeces. Food or water contaminated by animal droppings can do this organism, it is also possible that oral-anal sex can spread the infection. Sometimes it occurs can be traced isosporiasis water contaminated by faeces. Isosporiasis is not common in the United States is more common in tropical areas of the world and in places where water contamination is a problem. isosporiasis United States is the first AIDS-defining illness in approximately 0.2% of AIDS.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
The infection causes severe diarrhea, not the blood and abdominal cramps that can last for weeks and the result of malabsorption and weight loss. In immunocompromised patients and in infants and children, diarrhea can be severe. Eosinophilia may be present (otherwise other protozoal infections).
DIAGNOSIS
Large oocyst detection in stool by modified acid-fast staining .
TREATMENT
Isosporiasis effective treatment is a combination of two drugs: trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX, Bactrim, Septra). Treatment isosporiasis two double-strength tablets of TMP-SMX twice daily. The alternative is the double strength tablet three times daily. TMP-SMX therapy usually continues for 2-4 weeks. Patients who are intolerant to SMX, drug pyrimethamine (Daraprim), together with folinic acid can be implemented. This combination of drugs used per month.
To help control diarrhea, perhaps in combination with antibiotic treatment, a number of anti-diarrhea medication may be taken. And because the diarrhea is the direct result of intestinal inflammation caused by infection, certain drugs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) help, such as ibuprofen. Another drug, has proven to significantly reduce diarrhea due to its anti-inflammatory drug, thalidomide (Thalomid). Women taking this drug should avoid becoming pregnant Thalidomide can cause severe birth defects.
PREVENTION
The most effective way to prevent isosporiasis is to eliminate its sources, mainly foods potentially contaminated human feces. This is particularly true for HIV positive people with weakened immune systems rave tion in the tropics and subtropics where water and food may be contaminated. Drink bottled water and ensure that food is cooked properly, can help reduce the risk of any rave isosporiasis tion in the tropics and subtropics.
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